Document Type : Research
Author
Assistant Professor Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Land subsidence is a phenomenon that has been seen in most of the alluvial plains of Iran in the last few decades, as a result of the gradual or sudden lowering of the land surface due to various factors such as excessive extraction of underground water, tectonic activities, mining and ...it happens. Neyshabur Plain is not an exception to this rule, and due to over-harvesting of groundwater in the last few decades, the aquifer level has decreased and the hydrostatic pressure has decreased, as a result, subsidence has occurred that has affected rural and urban areas. Neishabur plain with an area equal to 3477 square kilometers, an area of 591 square kilometers with a population of over 59000 people, with 179 villages is facing severe land subsidence. In this research, we have tried to investigate the relationship between the aquifer and underground water level and its compatibility with the areas that are facing the phenomenon of subsidence. Investigations show that for every 83 centimeters of groundwater level lowering, on average, 10.5 centimeters of the surface of the Neyshabur Plain has settled. In this research, sentinel satellite images from October 2014 to December 2017 prepared by the Mapping Organization using the radar interferometric method were used. The results of the research in this plain indicate that the indiscriminate exploitation of underground water sources causes land subsidence and the creation of cracks in rural areas, especially around the villages of Firuzeh, Abu Saadi, Birum Abad, Faiz Abad, Sarab Koushak, Urdughash and Farrokhak. The amount of 15 to 20 cm per year with the highest subsidence and the lowest subsidence related to the villages of Dasht, Mehdi Abad, Khorosfli is reported at the rate of 1 cm per year.
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