Document Type : علمی- پژوهشی
Authors
1 Geograohy
2 geography
Abstract
In order to predict the extent of damages caused by urban floods and control them, it is necessary to classify the flood hazard zones. The objective of this research is to assess the susceptibility to floods in the urban area of Mashhad and the role of flood channels in flooding. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used in the ArcGIS software environment for this purpose. The parameters used include distance from rivers, slope, channel density, distance from channels, precipitation, vegetation cover, roads and transportation routes, elevation classes, drainage density, distance from drains, and land use. Then, by preparing the required layers for the city limits, the weight of each layer was determined based on its importance in flood occurrence. After the final weighting, the layers were pairwise compared using the AHP method in the Expert Choice software, and the resulting matrix was transferred to the each layer. Finally, by applying these coefficients through the Weighted Overlay menu in the ArcGIS software, the flood hazard zoning map for the urban area of Mashhad was identified. According to the obtained results, out of the total area of Mashhad's urban area, 6.32 square kilometers have very low flood hazard, 23.82 square kilometers have low flood hazard, 260.06 square kilometers have moderate flood hazard, 41.88 square kilometers have high flood hazard, and 2.04 square kilometers have very high flood hazard. Generally, it can be stated that approximately 1% of the total urban area has very low flood hazard, 7% has low flood hazard, about 77% of the total urban area has moderate flood hazard, 12% has high potential, and 3% of Mashhad's urban area has very high potential for floods. The results indicate that slopes ranging from 0 to 3 degrees, which are mostly associated with urban land use, are suitable locations for
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