Document Type : Research
Authors
1
Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Regional Studies, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Rasht, Iran
Abstract
Rural cooperatives have long served as supportive institutions for development in line with government policies to improve livelihoods, production conditions, service provision, income levels, and the overall social well-being of local communities. However, there are some challenges facing the expansion of these institutions that need to be addressed. This study aims to analyze the perceptual differences of rural stakeholders regarding obstacles to cooperative development across four macro planning regions of Gilan Province, as defined in the provincial regional development plan. The statistical population includes experts, specialists, and members of rural cooperatives. The sample consisted of 23 experts, 18 specialists from the Departments of Labor, Cooperatives, and Social Welfare in the counties of Gilan Province, and 236 cooperative members. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The results of the Friedman test identified five key components as the major obstacles to cooperative development: economic (3.58), institutional–managerial (3.00), legal (2.87), awareness (2.86), and socio-cultural (2.69) components. Additionally, according to the binomial test findings, more than 50% of respondents believed these factors play a significant role in hindering cooperative development. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were observed between perception levels of the population in the five categories (identified obstacles and challenges) in three groups of respondents across four planning regions of Gilan Province (western, central, eastern and southern regions). These findings highlight the importance of prioritizing key obstacles and incorporating spatial and regional differences in stakeholders’ perceptions when formulating effective development strategies for rural cooperatives.
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