Today, one of the basic needs of metropolises is providing housing for people. The right to adequate housing is classified as a fundamental social need, and the housing sector is considered one of the main requirements of urban planning. Cities with poor housing features deteriorate the life quality of their residents.. The main goal of this research is to investigate the spatial quality of housing indicators in Tabriz metropolis and provide a comprehensive quality picture of housing for different residential areas and blocks in an attempt to determine housing priority. In this applied research, a descriptive-analytical method was employed. The data collection tools consisted of document analysis and field studies. The data on housing evaluation indicators were extracted from the statistical blocks of 2016 in Tabriz. To evaluate and analyze the spatial quality of housing in Tabriz, the fuzzy AHP model was adopted. According to the output of zoning maps and the fuzzy AHP model as well as the indicators of housing area, quality of materials, net population density, quality of building (type of structure), density of people in a residential unit (household coefficient), density of households in a residential unit (household size), shortage of residential units and percentage of demolished houses, it was found that 32.42% of the residential blocks in Tabriz are desirable, 38% are relatively desirable, 20% are undesirable and 55.9% are absolutely undesirable. The analysis of the output of multi-criteria decision-making models revealed that the quality of the housing space varies in different districts of Tabriz. According to the results, in terms of housing spatial quality indicators, districts 10, 1, and 4 are in an undesirable condition, and districts 5, 2, and 8 have a relatively favorable condition.
آشوری، ک؛ حبیبی، ک؛ و دوستوندی، م. (1400). ارزیابی شاخصهای کمی و کیفی مسکن شهری در ایران. مجلۀ جغرافیا و توسعۀ فضای شهری، سال8، شمارۀ1، شمارۀ 14، 225-257. https://doi.org/10.22067/jgusd.2021.48344.0
پورمحمدی، م. (1396). برنامهریزی کاربری اراضی شهری. تهران: انتشارات سمت.
پورمحمدی، م؛ معبودی، م.ت؛ و حکیمی، ه. (1396) .بررسی و رتبهبندی مناطق شهری براساس شاخصهای مسکن (نمونه موردی: ایران). فصلنامۀ مجلس و راهبرد، سال24، شمارۀ 91، 319-342. https://nashr.majles.ir/article_223.html
روستایی، ش؛ و علیزاده، ش. (1399). تحلیل فضایی کیفیت مسکن در شهر ارومیه با استفاده از روش HOT SPOT . نشریۀ علمی ـ پژوهشی برنامهریزی توسعۀ کالبد، سال 5، شمارۀ 1، 101-117. https://doi.org/10.30473/psp.2020.6801
طرح جامع سوم شهر تبریز. (1395). مهندسین مشاور نقش محیط.
عابدینی، ا؛ و کریمی، ر. (1394). بررسی و رتبهبندی مناطق چهارگانۀ شهر اورمیه براساس شاخصهای کمی و کیفی مسکن. نشریۀ علمی مطالعات و پژوهشهای برنامهریزی شهری و منطقهای، سال 6، شمارۀ 24، 49-64. https://urs.ui.ac.ir/article_20124.html
علیپور، س؛ مشکینی، ا؛ و احدزادهروشتی، م. (1399). رتبهبندی شاخصهای کیفی و کمی مسکن با استفاده از مدل تصمیمگیری ELECTRE III (نمونه موردی:مطالعۀ محلات شهر کرج). نشریۀ علمی جغرافیا و برنامهریزی، سال 24، شمارۀ 71، 273-295. 10.22034/gp.2020.10540
مشکینی، ا. (1402). توسعۀ یک الگوی ساختاری – تفسیری از عوامل مؤثر بر تحقق حق به مسکن شایسته در ایران. فصلنامۀ برنامهریزی و آمایش فضا، 27 (1)، 1-24. https://doi. 10.2022/hsmsp.27.1.1
Dwijendra, N.K. (2007). Quality of low-cost housing settlementproject. Bali, Indonesia:Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University.
Elsinga, M., & Hoekstra, J. )2005(. Homeownership and housing satisfaction. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment,20, 401-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10901-005-9023-4.
Hasselaar, E. (2006). Health performance of housing: Indicators and tools, Delft Centre for Sustainable Urban Areas. Amsterdam.
Li, Z. (2002). Development and contradictions of Wuhan’s public housing system. Singapore, National University of Singapore.
Liman, U., Laprise, M., & Rey, E. (2025). Between household structure, urban density, and ecological transition: Rethinking the approach of estimating housing needs in Switzerland. Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol 120, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117761.
Lux, M. (2003). Housing policy:An end or a new beginning? Budapest: Open Society Institute.
Masoudi, M., Centeri, C., Jakab, G., Nel, L., & Mojtahedi, M. (2021). GIS-Based Multi-Criteria and Multi-Objective Evaluation for Sustainable Land-Use Planning (Case Study: Qaleh Ganj County, Iran). Landuse Planning Using MCE and Mola,15 (3), 1-19. DOI: 10.1007/s41742-021-00326-0
Park, G-R., & Seo, B.K., (2023). Multidimensional housing insecurity and psychological health: how do gender and initial psychological health differentiate the association? Health 214, 116–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.014
Roberts, M. K. (2025). The long-term effects of housing insecurity in young adulthood on subsequent material hardship, physiological and mental health. ocial Science & Medicine, VOL 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117761
Saaty, T.L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting,Resource Allocation. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Stone, E., & MichaelStone, M. (1993). Shelter Poverty New Ideas on HousingAffordability. Temple University Press.
Streimikiene, D. (2015). Quality of life and housing. International Journal ofInformation and Education Technology, 5 (2), 140-145. https:/doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2015.V5.491.
WHO, World Health Organization. (1998). Legionnaires’ disease in Europe.
WHO, World Health Organization. (2004). Review of evidence on housing and health, Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Buda-pest, Hungary.
Azar,A . (2025). Measuring the Spatial Quality of Housing Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models (MCDM) (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 23(1), 97-126. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.87018.1406
MLA
Azar,A . "Measuring the Spatial Quality of Housing Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models (MCDM) (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)", Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 23, 1, 2025, 97-126. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.87018.1406
HARVARD
Azar A. (2025). 'Measuring the Spatial Quality of Housing Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models (MCDM) (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)', Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 23(1), pp. 97-126. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.87018.1406
CHICAGO
A Azar, "Measuring the Spatial Quality of Housing Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models (MCDM) (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)," Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 23 1 (2025): 97-126, doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.87018.1406
VANCOUVER
Azar A. Measuring the Spatial Quality of Housing Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models (MCDM) (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis). Journal of Geography and Regional Development. 2025;23(1):97-126 (In Persian). doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.87018.1406