Desert as a complex ecosystem are affected by various natural and human factors. Desert ecosystem services will face problems, If the management of these lands is not comprehensive and integrated. Therefore, the current research was carried out with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the main effective factors of desert areas in Khorasan Razavi province and evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities using the SWOT-QSPM conceptual approach. The method of conducting this research is based on collecting and analyzing the opinions of the statistical community including managers, experts, stakeholders and local people have been in desert areas, which were conducted using questionnaires, field studies and Delphi method. Data analysis was done with non-parametric independent T-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. The results showed that in the analysis of the evaluation matrix of internal and external factors, the implementation of protection plans and continuous monitoring of the destruction of desert areas was a strength factor, and the index of the lack of a spatial database was also introduced as a weakness factor. In the analysis of the evaluation matrix of internal and external factors, the existence of mineral resources and non-renewable energy as a suitable environmental opportunity and the occurrence of continuous droughts have also been the most important threats in the desert areas of Khorasan Razavi province. Therefore, in order to provide management solutions according to the strengths, 21 competitive strategies, 8 diversity strategies, 10 review strategies and 4 defensive strategies were obtained for the weak points. In the prioritization of strategies, it was determined using the QSPM matrix that in the group of SO strategies, ecological potential of desert areas with a score of 16.38 as the most appropriate strategy and low utilization of opportunities, international interactions with a score of 11.49 as a weak strategy were introduced.